To analyze the status and number of metabolic and bariatric surgeries (MBS) in China in 2024.

Surgical volumes, procedure distribution, and workforce scale were estimated through integrated synthesis with multi-source data cross-validation, based on the Chinese Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Database (COMES Database). This study did not include data from the Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan region of China.

190 hospitals were included in this study, covering 29 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and 75 cities, with a total estimated 32 342 cases. It was also estimated that there were 970 hospitals in the country, with 1 430 bariatric surgeons and 800 case managers involved in MBS. The top three most performed MBS were sleeve gastrectomy (SG, 24 443 cases, 75.6%), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB, 1 250 cases, 4.7%), one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB, 1 234 cases, 3.8%), and 4 (0.017%) deaths reported.

The number of MBS decreased by 13.2% in 2024. The most performed procedures were SG, RYGB and OAGB. We should leverage the national "Weight Management Year" initiative to develop an integrated multidisciplinary care system for weight management. This requires strengthening standardized training programs, promoting multicenter clinical research, and enhancing international collaborations. Such efforts will advance the discipline’s sustainable development, elevate clinical standards, and expand its global standing.

Analyze the application experience of anchor umbilical plastic suturing technique in transumbilicallaparoendoscopic single site bariatric surgery, to explore the techniques of umbilical incision and aesthetic suturing.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of umbilical incision and cosmetic suture techniques used in 85 successful single-incision laparoscopic bariatric surgeries performed by the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery at the Quanzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from January 2024 to January 2025. Among these cases, 32 patients underwent direct suture technique, while 53 patients used the anchor umbilical plastic suture technique. The unconditional binary logistic regression model was used for statistical analysis.

The time taken for the incision and suture operations of the umbilical incisions was similar between the two groups. After a 6-month follow-up, a total of 10 cases experienced peroperative incision complications, including fat liquefaction, infection and dehiscence. 6 cases were in the direct suture group and 4 cases were in the anchor-based suture group. No patient in either group developed incisional hernia. A total of 12 cases were dissatisfied with the umbilical reshaping, with 8 cases in the direct suture group and 4 cases in the anchor-based suture group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with type 2 diabetes were more likely to experience umbilical incision complications, and the anchor umbilical plastic suture technique could reduce the incidence of umbilical incision complications.

The anchor umbilical plastic surgery technique is simple,safe,reliable,and aesthetically pleasing when applied to the suture of umbilical incisions in obese patients.It is worth promoting in transumbilicallaparoendoscopic single site bariatric surgery.

To investigate the differences in the serum metabolic hormone profiles between obese and non-obese individuals and their correlations with other basic indicators.

A total of 67 obese patients (BMI≥28 kg/m²) and 24 healthy controls (BMI 18~27 kg/m²) who received medical care between September 2023 and June 2024 were enrolled in this study. Serum hormone levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Differences between obese and non-obese individuals were evaluated using independent samples t-tests, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationships between various hormones and baseline clinical parameters.

Obese individuals exhibited characteristic hormonal imbalances, with significantly elevated levels of adiponectin, obestatin, and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) (P<0.05), while levels of visfatin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were markedly reduced in the obese group (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the remaining hormones between obese and non-obese individuals. Pearson correlation analysis revealed negative correlations between visfatin and ghrelin levels and transaminase levels (P<0.05).

Compared with non-obese individuals, obese individuals exhibit abnormal hormone secretion profiles, which may underlie the metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity.

This study aimed to investigate the physiological and metabolic changes induced by a high-fat diet in mice using bioinformatics methods, and to reveal the underlying molecular interaction mechanisms through systematic analysis of differential gene expression.

Gene expression data were retrieved from the GEO database, and the chip dataset GSE136821 was selected for analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in mouse liver tissue were identified using several Bioconductor R packages (such as org.Mm.eg.db, Limma, and clusterProfiler). GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed on these DEGs. The top 200 DEGs were further used to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network via the STRING online database, and high-degree hub genes were subsequently identified using Cytoscape.

A total of 1 169 DEGs were identified, with 755 genes upregulated and 414 genes downregulated in the high-fat diet group. GO enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs are involved in biological processes such as lipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and regulation of inflammatory responses, and they exhibit various molecular functions including NAD(P)⁺ nucleosidase activity, lipase activity, and lipid transporter activity. KEGG pathway analysis further demonstrated significant enrichment of DEGs in several key biological pathways, notably the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, and cholesterol metabolism-related pathways. PPI network analysis further identified PPARγ, Src, and Manf as critical regulatory nodes, suggesting their important roles in high-fat diet-induced obesity and lipid metabolism dysregulation.

A high-fat diet significantly alters the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and inflammatory regulation in the mouse liver. Key genes such as PPARγ, Src, and Manf interact to form a complex regulatory network.

To explore the correlation between lower extremity atherosclerotic diseases (ASO) and metabolic diseases.

A single-center retrospective cohort study was launched at the Department of Vascular Surgery of Hainan General Hospital. In total, 626 consecutive patients with a first diagnosis of ASO and without a history of LEASO who received optimal clinical intervention from August 2013 to April 2023 were enrolled in our retrospective study. The data includes basic information and glycometabolism and lipid metabolism indicators, and is divided into groups according to the combination of different types of metabolic diseases.

85.78% of patients with lower extremity ASO had at least one metabolic disease combined, and 43.29% had two or more metabolic diseases combined. After grouping by whether metabolic diseases were combined or not, the percentages of age (t=3.45), SBP (t=12.52), DBP (t=4.63) and combined diabetes (χ²=4.51), coronary heart disease (χ²=4.61) and cerebral infarction (χ²=12.99) were higher in the hypertensive group than the non-hypertensive group of patients with lower extremity ASO (all P<0.05), and the smoking rate was lower than that in the non-hypertensive group (χ²=5.89, P<0.05); in the diabetic group of lower extremity ASO patients, ABI (t=3.83), BMI (t=4.94), FBG (t=11.05), TG (t=3.19), femoral-popliteal percentage (χ²=4.71), and comorbidity with hypertension (χ²=4.51) and coronary heart disease (χ²=11.37), cerebral infarction (χ²=29.36) were higher than those in the non-diabetic group (all P<0.05), and age (t=-6.23), DBP (t=-2.42), SUA (t=-2.30), HCY (t=-3.33), TASC II C~D (χ²=5.28), and aorto-iliac percentage (χ²=4.71) and effective rate were lower than those in the non-diabetic group (all P<0.05); among lower extremity ASO patients in hyperlipoidemia group, the percentage of SUA (t=3.95), FBG (t=2.52), TC (t=19.79), TG (t=9.55), LDL (t=16.56) and combined diabetes mellitus (χ²=5.77) were higher than that of non-hyperlipoidemia group (all P<0.05) and age (t=-2.09), male (χ²=7.37), and smoking (χ²=11.06) were lower than in the non-hyperlipoidemia group.

All three metabolic diseases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipoidemia, are associated with the prevalence of lower extremity ASO patients, diabetes is likely to be an important factor leading to the youthfulness, complexity of pathology and poor prognosis of lower extremity ASO patients, and strengthening its screening and control is great significance for the prevention and control of lower extremity ASO.

Evaluating the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide compared with semaglutide in patients with overweight or obesity by a meta-analysis.

Medline, Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Libarary, CNKI, Wanfang and CMJD were searched for studies comparing tirzepatide with semaglutide in patients with overweight or obesity. The quality of including studies was assessed by methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS). Stata 14.0 was used for meta-analysis.

3 studies (18611 individuals) were analysed. No statistical difference was found between the two groups in total weight reduction (%) (MD=-4.26%, 95%CI: -8.63%~0.10%). Patients receiving tirzepatide had a significantly higher proportion of weight loss ≥5%, ≥10% and ≥15% compared with semaglutide (92% vs. 72%, 64% vs. 45%, 45% vs. 23%). There was no statistical difference between the two medications in the occurrence of total adverse events (RR 1.00, 95%CI: 0.89~1.13).

Our results suggest the use of tirzepatide is better than that of semaglutide in patients with overweight or obesity which lead a significant weight reduction with a low occurrence of adverse reactions and can be a new option for the treatment of obesity.

Obesity is closely related to thyroid disease. Obesity may affect thyroid function through inflammatory response, insulin resistance and hormone imbalance. Obesity also increases an individual's risk of thyroid cancer. In addition, thyroid disease may also lead to weight gain and metabolic disorders. Evidence from available studies cannot demonstrate whether obese patients with thyroid disease require different treatment strategies than normal-weight patients. This paper summarizes the relationship between obesity and thyroid disease and discussed its possible mechanism to provide a reference for clinical practice.

The pan-vascular disease has become a major public health problem that needs to be solved urgently, with the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has become a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Systematic prevention and treatment and targeted intervention are the key points in the diagnosis and treatment concept of pan-vascular diseases. High body weight variability is an important risk factor for the risk of pan-vascular disease and all-cause mortality and is independent of baseline weight levels. High body weight variability increases the occurrence and development of adverse vascular events such as cardiac and cerebrovascular events and type diabetic vascular disease, and predicts the poor prognosis of patients. In patient-centered comprehensive health management, it is important to pay attention to the long-term stability of weight control while paying attention to weight, which is of great significance to further reduce the occurrence and development of pan-vascular diseases.

To explore the dilemma of home diet management in patients after bariatric surgery using qualitative study.

A descriptive nature study was used to select patients who were revisited from January 2024 to October 2024 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University in Guangzhou using an objective sampling method for semi-structured interviews, and the data were analyzed by Colaizzi phenomenological data 7-step analysis method.

The study concluded that bariatric surgery led to passive changes in patients' eating patterns. There were 4 themes and 5 sub-themes: lack of subjective initiative, unrealistic expectations for bariatric surgery, patients' cognitive bias towards postoperative diet management (gradually decreasing emphasis on postoperative diet management, cognitive error of food, and cognitive bias of food quantity), and influencing factors (promoting factors and hindering factors) of postoperative diet management. Patients' subjective initiative, cognition of bariatric surgery, postoperative diet management, food selection, and food quantity play an important role in postoperative diet management. The factors influencing postoperative diet management included family accompaniment, weight sensitivity, external environment restriction, medical staff warning, and peer competition. Hindrance factors can be summarized as subjective and objective factors: subjective factors include lifestyle, food cravings, emotional adjustment difficulties, stress, and self-abandonment psychology; Objective factors include the patient's occupational and social pressure.

Medical staff should pay attention to the dietary experience of patients after bariatric surgery and formulate personalized dietary guidance for patients to improve their dietary compliance and maintain the long-term effects of surgery.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF-β family, which regulate key processes such as embryonic development and differentiation. The SMAD1/5/8 pathway is activated by type I receptors (activin receptor-like Kinase ALK 1, 2, 3 or 6) and type II receptors (2A or 2B). Brown adipose tissue is a unique thermogenic tissue that has emerged as a focal point in addressing obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases in recent years. BMP2, 4, 6, 7, 8b, 14, and MB109 have been demonstrated to play an increasingly significant role in the development of brown adipose tissue and the metabolic regulation of mature adipocytes. This article summarizes the regulatory role of BMPs in brown adipose-related signaling pathways and their potential application in the treatment of metabolic diseases, thereby providing a reference for the clinical treatment of metabolic diseases with brown adipose-targeted approaches.

The most common manifestations of increased intracranial pressure are headache and visual impairment, and obesity is an underrecognized risk factor for intracranial hypertension in children. This article introduces the diagnosis and treatment process of two obese children with intracranial hypertension, aiming to improve clinicians' understanding of the disease and early intervention in childhood obesity to reduce the occurrence of multiple complications and improve the quality of life.

This article reports a case of successful treatment of gastric stenosis after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) using sleeve gastrectomy-transit bipartition (SG-TB). The patient was a 39-year-old female who developed gastric stenosis after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) for obesity in October 2022. She underwent four endoscopic balloon dilations with poor results and received SG-TB in September 2024. After revisional surgery, the patient's symptoms of dysphagia and other gastric stenosis-related issues significantly improved, and her quality of life was markedly enhanced. No complications were observed during the 10-month follow-up.