Research advances on postoperative atelectasis in patients with obesity

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9605.2023.04.010

Abstract

Abstract:

The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients with obesity can arrive at 18%, with atelectasis being the most common PPCs. Atelectasis frequently causes intraoperative and postoperative hypoxemia, and it is the fourth leading cause of postoperative respiratory failure and related mortality. Nearly 90% of patients under general anesthesia experience atelectasis after induction, which can persist for several days postoperatively. The duration and severity of atelectasis are further increased in obese patients due to their unique pathophysiological alterations, leading to postoperative respiratory dysfunction and delayed recovery. Therefore, understanding the risk factors for atelectasis, timely diagnosis, and implementing lung-protective ventilation strategies to prevent and treat postoperative atelectasis is particularly important for reducing PPCs in obese patients. This article systematically explores the pathophysiological mechanisms in obese patients and the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of atelectasis. It aims to provide clinical practitioners with a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind postoperative atelectasis, offering more options for perioperative pulmonary protection strategies for obese patients and ultimately reducing the incidence of postoperative atelectasis in this population.

Key words: Obesity, Postoperative pulmonary complication, Atelectasis, Lung protective ventilation strategies, Anaesthesia

Jiarui Wang, Lingao Dai, Shen Wang. Research advances on postoperative atelectasis in patients with obesity[J]. Chinese Journal of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2023, 09(04): 286-292.

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