Study on the correlation between phase angle and abdominal obesity based on body composition analysis

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9605.2026.01.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To evaluate the association between phase angle (PhA) and abdominal obesity and explore its clinical value as a screening tool for abdominal obesity.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 1 802 adults (838 males, 964 females; age 18-84 years) who underwent health examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between March 2019 and October 2021. Participants were stratified into tertiles based on PhA. Abdominal obesity was defined using combined diagnostic criteria: waist circumference (WC)>90 cm and visceral fat area (VFA)>100 cm² for males, and WC>85 cm and VFA>100 cm² for females. Multivariate logistic regression, smooth curve fitting, and piecewise regression models were used to analyze the associations.

Results

The combined diagnostic criteria showed good consistency with WC and VFA criteria (Kappa=0.745 and 0.865, respectively). PhA was significantly associated with abdominal obesity defined by the combined criteria, with a threshold effect detected (P for nonlinearity=0.011). When PhA>5.6°, each 0.1° increment in PhA was associated with a 20.6% reduction in the risk of abdominal obesity (P<0.001); no significant change was observed when PhA≤5.6°.

Conclusion

PhA is an independent predictor of abdominal obesity under the combined diagnostic criteria, and the threshold of 5.6°may provide a reference for non-invasive and efficient clinical screening.

Key words: Abdominal obesity, Phase angle, Threshold effect, Bioelectrical impedance, Combined diagnostic criteria

Xiaohui Zhang, Fang Liu, Yingfei Diao, Yueying Li, Yanling Li. Study on the correlation between phase angle and abdominal obesity based on body composition analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 12(01): 9-15.

/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://zhfpydxbdzzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9605.2026.01.002

https://zhfpydxbdzzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2026/V12/I01/9

Figures/Tables 6

References 17

[1]	Iyengar NM, Gucalp A, Dannenberg AJ, et al. Obesity and Cancer Mechanisms: Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation [J]. J Clin Oncol, 2016, 34(35): 4270-4276.
[2]	赵楠，许杰，李晓晨，等. 腹部脂肪分布对2型糖尿病患者人体成分及胰岛功能的影响 [J]. 国际内分泌代谢杂志, 2019, 39(6): 361-367.
[3]	周阳，孙永兵，乔琦，等. 成年体检人群定量CT所测体脂肪分布与体重指数的相关性 [J]. 中华健康管理学杂志, 2024, 18(5): 354-360.
[4]	Barreira TV, Broyles ST, Gupta AK, et al. Relationship of anthropometric indices to abdominal and total body fat in youth: sex and race differences [J]. Obesity (Silver Spring), 2014, 22(5): 1345-1350.
[5]	Gupta D, Lammersfeld CA, Vashi PG, et al. Bioelectrical impedance phase angle in clinical practice: implications for prognosis in stage IIIB and IV non-small cell lung cancer [J]. BMC Cancer, 2009, 9: 37.
[6]	Guida B, Trio R, Pecoraro P, et al. Impedance vector distribution by body mass index and conventional bioelectrical impedance analysis in obese women [J]. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2003, 13(2): 72-79.
[7]	Barrea L, Muscogiuri G, Laudisio D, et al. Phase Angle: A Possible Biomarker to Quantify Inflammation in Subjects with Obesity and 25(OH)D Deficiency [J]. Nutrients, 2019, 11(8):1747.
[8]	Marra M, Cioffi I, Sammarco R, et al. Are Raw BIA Variables Useful for Predicting Resting Energy Expenditure in Adults with Obesity? [J]. Nutrients, 2019, 11(2):216.
[9]	中华医学会健康管理学分会, 中国营养学会, 中国医疗保健国际交流促进会生殖医学分会, 等. 超重或肥胖人群体重管理专家共识及团体标准 [J]. 中华健康管理学杂志, 2018, 12(3): 200-207.
[10]	Jang Y, Kim OY, Ryu HJ, et al. Visceral fat accumulation determines postprandial lipemic response, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and endothelial dysfunction in nonobese Korean men [J]. J Lipid Res, 2003, 44(12): 2356-2364.
[11]	Pan XF, Wang L, Pan A. Epidemiology and determinants of obesity in China [J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2021, 9(6): 373-392.
[12]	Da SB, Orsso CE, Gonzalez MC, et al. Phase angle and cellular health: inflammation and oxidative damage [J]. Rev Endocr Metab Disord, 2023, 24(3): 543-562.
[13]	崔倩, 杨婷婷, 姚卓娅, 等. 相位角与人体成分指标的相关性研究 [J]. 全科护理, 2022, 20(10):1305-1308.
[14]	Barbosa-Silva MC, Barros AJ, Wang J, et al. Bioelectrical impedance analysis: population reference values for phase angle by age and sex [J]. Am J Clin Nutr, 2005, 82(1): 49-52.
[15]	杨帆, 李康, 杨颖, 等. 生物电阻抗法测量的内脏脂肪面积与性别年龄及代谢性因素的相关性分析 [J]. 中国介入心脏病学杂志, 2016, 24(3): 134-141.
[16]	余凤, 马依拉·买买提, 赵效国, 等. 生物电阻抗身体成分检测仪测算的相位角在超重和肥胖预测中的应用 [J]. 山东医药, 2023, 63(18): 34-38.
[17]	蔡金玲, 董其娟, 范慧洁, 等. 不同性别2型糖尿病患者腹部脂肪与糖尿病视网膜病变的相关性 [J]. 河南医学研究, 2021, 30(31): 5765-5768.

WC标准	例数	联合诊断标准（n）
WC标准	例数	肥胖	非肥胖
肥胖	926	695	231
非肥胖	876	0	876

WC标准	例数	联合诊断标准（n）
WC标准	例数	肥胖	非肥胖
肥胖	926	695	231
非肥胖	876	0	876

VFA标准	例数	联合诊断标准（n）
VFA标准	例数	肥胖	非肥胖
肥胖	814	695	119
非肥胖	988	0	988

VFA标准	例数	联合诊断标准（n）
VFA标准	例数	肥胖	非肥胖
肥胖	814	695	119
非肥胖	988	0	988

特征	相位角三分位数			P值
特征	T1（4.1-5.2°）	T2（5.3-5.9°）	T3（6-7.8°）	P值
例数（n）	526	596	680
年龄（岁）	42.1±13.9	41.5±11.5	39.3±9.0	<0.001
BMI（kg/m²）	22.9±3.0	24.5±3.4	27.0±3.5	<0.001
BFP（%）	33.8±5.9	32.0±6.4	28.9±5.7	<0.001
WC（cm）	82.5±8.7	87.6±10.6	95.1±10.6	<0.001
VFA（cm²）	101.1±37.4	100.9±38.6	100.6±35.5	0.978
PhA（°）	4.9±0.3	5.6±0.2	6.5±0.4	<0.001
SMI（kg/m²）	6.2±0.6	6.9±0.9	8.1±0.8	<0.001
SBP（mmHg）	120.5±17.4	124.2±17.4	128.9±15.1	<0.001
DBP（mmHg）	72.1±10.7	75.3±11.8	79.1±11.4	<0.001
UA（umol/L）	273.3±70.7	308.4±92.6	403.6±95.0	<0.001
FBG（mmol/L）	5.0±1.0	4.9±0.7	5.1±1.2	0.016
TG（mmol/L）	1.3±0.9	1.5±1.0	2.1±1.4	<0.001
HDL-C（mmol/L）	1.6±0.3	1.4±0.3	1.3±0.3	<0.001
TC（mmol/L）	5.3±1.0	5.3±0.9	5.4±1.0	0.207
LDL-C（mmol/L）	2.9±0.8	3.0±0.8	3.2±0.8	<0.001
性别（男，%）	27 (5.1%)	204 (34.2%)	607 (89.3%)	<0.001
WC标准（肥胖，%）	178 (33.8%)	285 (47.8%)	463 (68.1%)	<0.001
VFA标准（肥胖，%）	242 (46.0%)	277 (46.5%)	295 （43.4%)	0.487
联合诊断标准（肥胖，%）	168 (31.9%)	239 (40.1%）	288 (42.4%)	<0.001

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export