The effect of low-carbohydrate and high-nutrient-density diet on weight loss and glucose and lipid metabolism in obese children and adolescents.

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9605.2021.04.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To explore the effect of low-carbohydrate high-nutrient density diet on weight loss and glucose and lipid metabolism in obese children and adolescents.

Methods

Thirty-seven obese children and adolescents in our hospital's obesity clinic and nutrition clinic (7-18 years old) from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the research group, and 22 obese children and adolescents during the same period were selected as the control group. The control group adopted a balanced diet. On the basis of lifestyle and sports education interventions, the research group adopted low-carbohydrate and high-nutrient-density dietary interventions for a total of 8 weeks. The two groups were compared before and after the intervention. BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and body composition analysis Data and metabolic indicators levels.

Results

There was no significant difference in BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, and visceral fat area between the two groups before intervention (P>0.05). After 8 weeks of intervention, the BMI and waist circumference of the study group , hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage and visceral fat area were significantly lower than those of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), fasting insulin (FINS), and postprandial blood glucose of the two groups before intervention There was no significant difference in 2 hours insulin, blood uric acid (UA), serum cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P>0.05). After 8 weeks of intervention, the study group's fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, fasting insulin, postprandial The levels of insulin, UA, TC, TG, and LDL-C at 2 hours were significantly lower than before the intervention, and significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusions

The low-carbohydrate and high-nutrient-density diet can effectively reduce the weight of obese children and adolescents in a short period of time, reduce body fat percentage and visceral fat area, and improve their glucose and lipid metabolism.

Key words: Low carbohydrate, High nutrient density, Diet, Children and adolescents, Obesity, Glucose and lipid metabolism

Xiaoying Xia, Shibo Sun, Shu Li, Yang Yang, Fengying Zhong, Sizhen Huang. The effect of low-carbohydrate and high-nutrient-density diet on weight loss and glucose and lipid metabolism in obese children and adolescents.[J]. Chinese Journal of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2021, 07(04): 255-259.

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References 20

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组别	n（例）	BMI（kg/m²）		腰围（cm）		臀围（cm）		腰臀比（%）
组别	n（例）	干预前	8周	干预前	8周	干预前	8周	干预前	8周
研究组	37	30.0±3.5	27.6±3.6^*	94.9±9.1	88.8±8.4^*	106.2±9.6	101.1±7.7^*	89.4±3.5	87.6±3.0^*
对照组	22	30.1±3.2	30.3±3.3	95.1±8.9	95.3±8.6	105.9±8.4	106.1±8.7	89.7±3.6	90.1±3.4
t值		0.110	2.872	0.935	2.849	0.904	2.152	0.345	3.195
P值		0.913	0.006	0.082	0.006	0.121	0.025	0.732	0.002

组别	n（例）	BMI（kg/m²）		腰围（cm）		臀围（cm）		腰臀比（%）
组别	n（例）	干预前	8周	干预前	8周	干预前	8周	干预前	8周
研究组	37	30.0±3.5	27.6±3.6^*	94.9±9.1	88.8±8.4^*	106.2±9.6	101.1±7.7^*	89.4±3.5	87.6±3.0^*
对照组	22	30.1±3.2	30.3±3.3	95.1±8.9	95.3±8.6	105.9±8.4	106.1±8.7	89.7±3.6	90.1±3.4
t值		0.110	2.872	0.935	2.849	0.904	2.152	0.345	3.195
P值		0.913	0.006	0.082	0.006	0.121	0.025	0.732	0.002

组别	n（例）	体脂率（%）		内脏脂肪面积（cm²）
组别	n（例）	干预前	8周	干预前	8周
研究组	37	33.6±3.2	31.9±2.8^*	96.9±12.2	82.9±8.1^*
对照组	22	33.4±3.3	33.5±3.1	96.3±11.4	96.7±10.5
t值		0.819	2.039	0.852	5.569
P值		0.229	0.046	0.187	<0.001

组别	n（例）	体脂率（%）		内脏脂肪面积（cm²）
组别	n（例）	干预前	8周	干预前	8周
研究组	37	33.6±3.2	31.9±2.8^*	96.9±12.2	82.9±8.1^*
对照组	22	33.4±3.3	33.5±3.1	96.3±11.4	96.7±10.5
t值		0.819	2.039	0.852	5.569
P值		0.229	0.046	0.187	<0.001

组别	n（例）	FPG（mmol/L）		2hPG（mmol/L）		FINS（pmol/L）		2hINS（pmol/L）
组别	n（例）	干预前	8周	干预前	8周	干预前	8周	干预前	8周
研究组	37	4.99±0.42	4.82±0.27^*	6.22±1.13	5.38±0.43^*	136.9±31.6	63.7±19.8^*	807.2±214.3	174.3±51.4^*
对照组	22	5.01±0.41	5.12±0.44	6.25±1.09	6.30±1.16	140.2±38.5	142.5±41.2	794.2±176.3	562.3±103.4^*
t值		0.178	3.253	0.099	4.467	0.385	10.27	0.267	20.444
P值		0.859	0.002	0.921	<0.001	0.701	<0.001	0.790	<0.001

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