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中华肥胖与代谢病电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (03) : 193 -199. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9605.2024.03.006

论著

Metrnl和NLRP3炎症小体:糖尿病肾病的潜在诊断标志物
张梅, 陈卉, 李转霞, 王瑞, 李林娟()   
  1. 716000 延安,延安大学附属医院全科医学科
    延安市中医医院产科
    延安大学附属医院
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-10 出版日期:2024-08-30
  • 通信作者: 李林娟
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省自然科学基金(2022JM-471); 延安大学附属医院科学技术研究发展计划项目(2021PT-03)

Metrnl and NLRP3 Inflammasome: Potential diagnostic biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease

Mei Zhang, Hui Chen, Zhuanxia Li, Rui Wang, Linjuan Li()   

  1. Department of General Medicine, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, China
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yan'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, China
    Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an 716000, China
  • Received:2024-04-10 Published:2024-08-30
  • Corresponding author: Linjuan Li
引用本文:

张梅, 陈卉, 李转霞, 王瑞, 李林娟. Metrnl和NLRP3炎症小体:糖尿病肾病的潜在诊断标志物[J]. 中华肥胖与代谢病电子杂志, 2024, 10(03): 193-199.

Mei Zhang, Hui Chen, Zhuanxia Li, Rui Wang, Linjuan Li. Metrnl and NLRP3 Inflammasome: Potential diagnostic biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 10(03): 193-199.

目的

明确镍纹样蛋白(Metrnl)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)患者中的表达水平,并探讨其与NLRP3炎症小体活性的潜在联系。

方法

收集2020年5月至2022年5月延安大学附属医院接受治疗的2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者130例,以及45例同期健康体检者作为对照组。通过酶联免疫吸附测定参与者血清中Metrnl和NLRP3炎症小体的浓度。根据uACR将2型糖尿病患者分为单纯2型糖尿病组(T2DM组)和糖尿病肾病组(DKD组),比较两组间血清Metrnl和NLRP3水平的差异,并分析这些指标与DKD患者其他临床特征的相关性。

结果

与对照组相比,T2DM组和DKD组患者的血清Metrnl和NLRP3水平均显著升高,且随着DKD程度的加重,其水平也越高(P<0.05)。此外,血清Metrnl水平与病程、腰围(WC)、收缩压、舒张压、肌酐(Cr)、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、尿白蛋白肌酐比(uACR)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、DKD、NLRP3呈正相关,与估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)呈显著负相关。多元Logistic回归分析显示,血清Metrnl和NLRP3水平可能与T2DM及DKD的发生相关。ROC曲线分析显示,血清Metrnl、NLRP3和联合预测T2DM患者发生DKD的AUC分别是0.9、0.987和0.949,其中NLRP3对DKD的预测价值更优。

结论

血清Metrnl和NLRP3可作为DKD早期诊断和监测病情的潜在生物标志物。

Objective

This study aims to clarify the expression levels of Meteorin-like Protein (Metrnl) in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and to explore its potential association with NLRP3 inflammasome activity.

Methods

130 patients with type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) were enrolled at the Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University between May 2020 and May 2022. Additionally, 45 healthy individuals served as a control group. The concentrations of Meteorin-like Protein (Metrnl) and NLRP3 inflammasome in the serum of participants were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Based on the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR), T2DM patients were categorized into a simple T2DM group and a Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) group. The serum levels of Metrnl and NLRP3 were compared between the two groups, and the correlation of these markers with other clinical characteristics in DKD patients was analyzed.

Results

Serum levels of Meteorin-like Protein (Metrnl) and NLRP3 were significantly higher in both the T2DM and DKD groups compared to the control group, with levels increasing by the severity of DKD (P<0.05). Additionally, serum Metrnl levels showed positive correlations with disease duration, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, creatinine (Cr), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), DKD, and NLRP3. In contrast, a significant negative correlation existed between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that serum levels of Metrnl and NLRP3 may be associated with T2DM and DKD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve (AUC) for serum Metrnl, NLRP3, and their combination in predicting DKD in T2DM patients were 0.9, 0.987, and 0.949, respectively, with NLRP3 exhibiting superior predictive value for DKD.

Conclusions

Serum levels of Metrnl and NLRP3 have the potential to serve as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and monitoring of DKD.

表1 干预前两组患者生活质量评分组间比较(±s,分)
指标 Control组 T2DM组 DKD组 χ2/F/H P
例(男/女) 45(26/19) 50(34/16) 80(51/29) 0.53 0.589
年龄(岁) 52.71±10.48 52.98±9.37 56.28±10.39 2.48 0.086
BMI(kg/m2)[MP25P75)] 22.86(21.99,23.51) 23.00(21.50,24.20) 23.4(21.78,24.40) 2.49 0.139
腰围(cm) 80.6±8.44 86.0±7.44a 87.98±10.77 9.08 <0.001
糖尿病病程(年)[MP25P75)] 3(2,8) 12(8,20)b 127.05 <0.001
收缩压(mmHg)[MP25P75)] 120(120,130) 130(130,148)a 134(134,147)a 14.50 0.001
舒张压(mmHg) 80(75,80) 80(70,90) 80(74,89.5) 3.56 0.116
FPG(mmol/L) 5.05±0.66 6.70±1.33a 10.46±3.22ab 89.02 <0.001
HbA1c(%)[MP25P75)] 5.00(4.6,5.4) 6.50(6.28,6.93)a 9.75(8.35,11.2)ab 131.43 <0.001
TG(mmol/L)[MP25P75)] 4.53(3.75,5.05) 2.49(1.73,4.04) 2.91(1.86,4.2) 5.53 0.555
TC (mmol/L) 4.38±0.97 2.85±1.37a 3.00±1.39a 20.81 <0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.28±0.61 1.22±0.84a 1.19±0.76a 0.19 0.834
LDL-C (mmol/L) 2.27±0.86 1.84±0.80 1.97±0.89a 3.65 0.028
AST(U/L) 20.60±7.40 21.82±9.78 23.08±10.61 0.136 0.380
ALT(U/L) 22.11±17.30 23.78±16.30 23.34±16.32 0.97 0.878
CR(μmol/L)[MP25P75)] 58.00(51.9,67.8) 58.35(51.7,65.08) 92.75(78,118.88)ab 99.13 <0.001
UA(μmol/L) 274.36±85.05 267.91±92.72 298.89±95.96 2.04 0.133
uACR(mg/g)[MP25P75)] 7.50(6.1,6.5) 8.72(6.18,11.16) 276.95(76.53,687.31)ab 130.11 <0.001
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) [MP25P75)] 116.35(106.51,127.44) 124.31(114.27,134.7) 73.50(51.29,86.12)ab 109.70 <0.001
Metrnl(pg/mL) [MP25P75)] 562.26(494.57,601.69) 763.04(670.06,839.53)a 982.94(805.63,1227.97)ab 108.63 <0.001
NLRP3(pg/mL)[MP25P75)] 173.05(164.63,180.80) 179.69(173.58,187.56)a 213.4(203.57,224.86)ab 127.58 <0.001
图1 T2DM患者血清NLRP3及METRNL水平的比较注:a及c根据eGFR对T2DM患者进行分组;b及d根据uACR对T2DM患者进行分层。显著性* P<0.05和** P<0.01。Metrnl为镍纹样蛋白;NLRP3为NOD样受体蛋白3;uACR为尿白蛋白肌酐比;eGFR为估计肾小球滤过率
表2 血清NLRP3或Metrnl水平与其他变量之间的Spearman偏相关系数
表3 血清NLRP3、Metrnl水平和DKD之间相关性的多变量逻辑回归分析
图2 被诊断为糖尿病肾病的受试者血清Metrnl(a)、NLRP3(b)和NLRP3和Metrnl联合(c)
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